Women's Social Entrepreneurship in Rural Communities: A Case of “Karya Pratiwi” Women Agricultural Group in Ponorogo, Indonesia

Abstract

Indonesia is one of country in the world that produce food raw materials like sugar cane, coconut, etc. Indonesia is the largest
coconut fiber producing country in the world and has coconut plantation land with an area of close to 3,29 millions Ha and
coconut production is around 2,85 million tons. The coconut products will be used to fulfill human needs, while the rest of the
utilization will become waste. The process of destroying waste naturally usually takes place slowly, causing a pile of waste. If
the waste do not manage properly, it can be a problem. Meanwhile, previous researches showed that coconut fiber ash contains
silica oxide, alumina oxide also calcium oxide so it is potential to be used in construction material like concrete. Pozzolanic
properties in coconut fiber ash can react with calcium hydroxide to create calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), This C-S-H is a
compound that can bind the materials in concrete so that it can make a better quality of concrete. In this study, coconut fiber
ash will be used as an additive material and will examine the influence of flowing concrete characteristics on the addition of
coconut fiber ash. This research is planned to use flowing concrete test specimens with Sika-Viscocrete as superplasticizer.
The variation in the percentage of coconut fiber ash are 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% by weight of cement. The characteristics
of flowing concrete to be studied are bulk density or unit weight, compressive strength and absorption