Hydraulic Analysis for Energy Potential Study of Transmition Pipeline for Micro Hydropower at Water Treatment Plant

Abstract

The provision of drinking water from rivers is often hampered by quality issues, necessitating water treatment plant (WTP). Rivers are chosen as a priority because the distribution system can be carried out by gravity. The problem that arises is the availability of electrical energy. Because it must maintain a gravity flow system, conventional water treatment installations are built far from electricity and fuel oil access, so many do not function properly. Most gravity transmission pipelines have the energy potential to generate electricity to drive dozing pump, mixer and lighting. The analysis of the potential energy of water flowing through the transmission pipe by gravity was carried out with the help of epenet2.0 software, which was carried out carefully by entering all survey and measurement data. The results of the analysis used to select the type and power of the micro hydro as the basis for the calculation were the residual water pressure head before entering the WTP. The micro hydro was installed on the inlet pipe before the water entered the WTP, and was designed in such a way that even though the micro hydro was installed below the WTP, water could still flow in the V-note WTP. The results of the analysis showed that the water system transmission pipeline at the inlet of the water treatment plant has a head of 47 meters with a capacity of 29.5 liters/second. The loss of discharge due to energy absorption by the micro hydro turbine reaches 43% so that the water entering the WTP is 20.6 liters/second. This system has an energy potential that can produce 7.31 KW of electricity. With the electricity requirement at the WTP of 5 kW, this water system is able to meet the energy needs of the water energy that is distributed to purify the water.