Utilization of Food Grade Paper Production Waste Ash as Filler in Laston AC-WC Mixtures

Abstract

The increase in population and industrial activity in Indonesia has led to an increase in waste volume, including food-grade paper waste, which has not yet been optimally utilized. This study was conducted to test the utilization of ash from food-grade paper waste as a filler material in AC-WC asphalt mixtures with Performance grade 70 modified asphalt, and to evaluate its performance using the Marshall test based on the 2018 General Specifications for Road Construction (Revision 2). The waste was burned to ash, then tested for suitability. The results showed that the ash passed the No. 200 sieve at 85.43% with a specific gravity of 2.640. Marshall tests were conducted at asphalt contents of 4.5%, 5.0%, 5.5%, 6.0%, and 6.5%. The VMA value ranged from 15.02% to 16.57%, meeting the minimum requirement of 15%. The VIM value decreased from 7.29% (4.5%) to 4.07% (6.5%), but only the 6.0% (4.97%) and 6.5% (4.07%) asphalt content met the 3%–5% limit. The VFB value increased from 54.27% to 73.68% and met the requirements at 6.0% and 6.5%. Stability ranged from 1316.87–1704.77 kg, exceeding the minimum requirement of 1000 kg. Flow ranged from 3.74–5.90 mm, and the Marshall Quotient value was between 289.12–332.87 kg/mm. These results indicate that food-grade paper ash is suitable for use as an environmentally friendly alternative filler for AC-WC asphalt mixtures.