Research on the Seismic Performance of Operational Level Structures, Immediate Occupancy, and Life Safety on the Cost of Construction and Maintenance or Restoration in the Event of a Major Earthquake

Abstract

Indonesia is a country with a high seismic risk due to its location at the convergence of three major tectonic plates and within the Ring of Fire. This study focuses on the structural performance of the 15-story Hotel building in Jember, which uses reinforced concrete as its primary material. The objective of this research is to compare structural performance at three different levels Operational (O), Immediate Occupancy (IO), and Life Safety (LS) and analyze their relationship to construction and restoration cost efficiency in the event of a major earthquake. The method used is pushover analysis, which generates a curve showing the relationship between base shear and roof displacement as a performance indicator. The results show that the existing design achieves an Immediate Occupancy (IO) performance level, with roof drift values of 0.81% in the X direction and 0.87% in the Y direction, and total construction and repair costs of Rp11,572,566,375.45 and Rp11,838,185,674.74, respectively. Alternative design 1 reaches the Life Safety (LS) level, with drift values of 1.01% (X) and 1.02% (Y), and costs of Rp14,972,137,001.20 and Rp14,994,291,934.73. Alternative design 2 achieves the Operational (O) level with the lowest drift values of 0.28% (X) and 0.05% (Y), with construction and repair costs of Rp11,667,557,090.31 and Rp12,802,012,673.57. Based on the analysis, the existing design is the most structurally and economically optimal. This research highlights the importance of a Performance-Based Design approach in developing earthquake-resistant and cost-efficient building structures.