Cost and Time Evaluation Using the Time-Cost Trade-Off (TCTO) Method on the International & Domestic Wharf Strengthening Project of Teluk Lamong Terminal

Abstract

Construction project management requires optimal balance between time, cost, and quality to achieve project success. This research analyzes the International and Domestic Wharf strengthening project at Teluk Lamong Terminal, Surabaya, which experienced delays due to unpredictable ship berthing schedules. The study applies Time-Cost Trade-Off (TCTO) method to optimize project duration and costs through critical path analysis and overtime alternatives. The project, valued at IDR 34 billion with original duration of 365 days, was analyzed using three overtime scenarios (1, 2, and 3 hours daily). Results show that 3-hour overtime scenario achieves maximum time efficiency of 14% (51 days acceleration to 314 days) with cost efficiency of 0.27% (IDR 92.97 million savings). The TCTO method successfully identifies optimal acceleration strategy, reducing project duration from 365 to 314 days while maintaining cost effectiveness. This research contributes practical framework for construction project optimization in marine infrastructure development.