The Influence of Safety Knowledge, Safety Climate, Safety Motivation on Safety Performance
Abstract
The ILO estimates that around 2.3 million people die every year due to work accidents or illnesses. In Indonesia, claims for Work Accident Insurance and Death Benefit increased from 2019 to November 2023, especially in the construction services industry. During the Lombok Power Plant FTP 2 construction project throughout 2023, has occurred near misses, property damage, first aid and fire were found. Safety performance is a general method for determining the effectiveness and adequacy of work management safety systems. This research aims to analyze the relationship between safety performance and several variables that have been studied previously, including safety knowledge, safety climate, safety motivation in the Lombok Steam Power Plant FTP 2 construction workers. This research uses a quantitative research approach which emphasizes data in the form of numbers and processing it using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. The population in this study was 278 Lombok Power Plant FTP 2 Construction workers for the March 2024 period with a sample of 165 workers. The research results show that (1) safety knowledge has a significant effect on safety performance, (2) safety climate has an insignificant effect on safety performance, (3) safety motivation has a significant effect on safety performance
References
Aghaei, H., Asadi, Z. S., Aliabadi, M. M., Ahmadinia, H. (2020). The Relationships Among Occupational Safety Climate, Patient Safety Climate, and Safety Performance Based on Structural Equation Modelling. J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53:447-454. https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.350. pISSN 1975-8375 eISSN 2233-4521.
Al-Bayati, A. J. (2021). Impact of Construction Safety Culture and Construction Safety Climate on Safety Behavior and Safety Motivation. Safety. 2021, 7, 41. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ safety7020041.
Ariska, N. H., Rini, N., Gartinia, N., Firmanto, A. N. (2019). Effect of safety climate on safety behavior in employees: The mediation of safety motivation. Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi. Vol 4, No 2 (2019): 191-200.
Baron, M. R., & Kenny, A. D. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182
Basahel, A. M. (2021). Safety Leadership, Safety Attitudes, Safety Knowledge and Motivation toward Safety-Related Behaviours in Electrical Substation Construction Projects. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 4196. https:// doi.org/ 10.3390/ ijerph18084196.
Bemby, A. R., Titiek, A., Siti, N. (2021). The Effect of Work Safety Climate and Safety Knowledge on Safety Behavior in Production Employees of PT. Sumber Abadi Bersama. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan. June 2021Vol.01 No.02.
Beni, A. S., Ida, A. B., Siti, M. (2019). Effect of Safety Culture, Safety Leadership, and Safety Climate on Employee Commitments and Employee Performance PT Pelindo III (Persero) East Java Province. Sebelas Maret Business Review Vol. 3 Issue 1, pp. 6 – 10 ISSN: 2528-0627.
Burnner, J., Prem, R., Kuranka. (2018). How Work Intensification Relates to Organization-Level Safety Performance: The Mediating Roles of Safety Climate, Safety Motivation, and Safety Knowledge. Frontiers in psychology. 9, 2575.
Byun, K. S., & Jung, J. (2023). Relationship between Risk-causing Factors Perceived by Telecommunications Workers and Safety Motivation and Behaviour. Journal of Information and Communication Convergence Engineering. http://jicce.org. 21(2): 174-184, Jun 2023.
Cintya, D. A., Adithya, S., Edi, P. (2022). The effect of safety leadership, safety culture, and safety behaviour on safety performance after a company merger: a case study. Jurnal Sistem dan Manajemen Industri Vol 6 No 2 December 2022, 187-199.
Darius, T., Syamsiar, S. R., Lalu, M. S., Atjo, W., Yahya, T., Anwar, M. (2023). The Effect of Safety Climate on Safety Behavior with Safety Motivation as An Intervening Variable on Contractor Workers in PT X. Pharmacognosy Journal. Vol 15, Issue 3, May-June 2023: 411-416.
Dessler, Gary. 1997. Management Sumber Daya Manusia. Terjemahan. Benyamin Molan. Edisi Bahasa Indonesia. PT Prenhallind. Jakarta
Dewi, S., & Rosatyani, P. A. (2018). Safety Performance pada Pekerja Berisiko Tinggi Ditinjau dari Kepribadian, Pengetahuan dan Motivasi Keselamatan Kerja. Jurnal Psikologi dan Kesehatan Mental. p-ISSN 2528-0104 | e-ISSN 2528-5181.
Fariz, S., & Budhi, H. (2023). The Effect of Safety Climate on Safety Behaviour: the Mediating Role of Safety Motivation and Safety Knowledge. International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research. Vol. 7, No.10; 2023 ISSN: 2456-7760.
Fatma, L., Robiana, M., Aryo, W., Riza, Y. S. (2023). Influence of Safety Climate on Safety Performance in Gas Stations in Indonesia. Safety. 2023, 9, 44. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety9030044.
Gias, O. S., & Clariza, V. (2021). Working Period Relationship, Safety Knowledge, and Safety Performance among the Construction Workforce of Light Rail Transit. The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 11(3), pp. 323-332.
Griffin, M. A., Neal, A. (2000). A Study of The Lagged Relationship Among Safety Climate, Safety Motivation, Safety Behavior, and Accident at The Individual and Group Level. Journal of Applied Psychology.
Grewal, R., Cote, J. A., & Baumgartner, H. (2004). Multicollinearity and measurement error in structural equation models: Implications for theory testing. Marketing Science, 23(4). https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.1040.0070
Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., & Anderson, R. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (Eight). Pearson Education Linited.
Hughess, P., & Ferrett, E. (2007). Introduction to Health and Safety at Work (Third Edition, The Handbook for Students on NEBOSH and other Introducory H&S Courses). Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP 30 Corporate Road, Burlington, MA 01803.
J Maiti, Pradip Kumar Ray. (2018). Industrial Safety Management. 21st Century of Asia. The Registered COmpany is Springer Nature Singapore Pte. Ltd
Koa, K. Y., Spitzmueller, C., Cigularoy, K., Thomas, C. L. (2019). Linking safety knowledge to safety behaviours: a moderated mediation of supervisor and worker safety attitudes. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 1359432X.2019.1567492.
Kusumiartono, N., Ida, A. B., I Dewa, K. R. A. (2022). Analysis Of The Effect Knowledge Sharing, Teamwork On Employee Engagement And Employee Performance In Baristand Industri Surabaya The Ministry Of Industry’s Work Unit. Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science. Vol 1,(No 7), April 2022.
Kuusisto, A., (2000). Safety Management Systems; Audit Tools and Reability of Auditing. Technical Research Center of Finland.
Lyu, S., Hon, C. K. H., Chan, A. P. C., Wong, F. K. W., Javed, A. A., (2018). Relationships among Safety Climate, Safety Behaviour, and Safety Outcomes for Ethnic Minority Construction Workers. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2018, 15, 484; doi: 10.3390/ ijerph15030484.
Maiti, J., & Ray, P. K. (2018). Industrial Safety Management, 21st Century Perspectives of Asia. Purmendu Mandal, College of Business, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX, USA.
Malhotra, N. K., & Birks, D. F. (2007). Marketing Research: An Applied Approach. In Open Journal of Business and Management: Vol. Vol. 4 (Issue Prentice Hall.). Peason Education Limited. http://capitadiscovery.co.uk/cardiffmet/items/240307%0Awww.pearson.com/uk
Nazir, M. (2009). Metode Penelitian. Ghalia Indonesia.
Nadhim, E. A., Hon, C., Xia, B., Stewart, I., Fang, D. (2018). Investigating the Relationships between Safety Climate and Safety Performance Indicators in Retrofitting Works. Construction Economics and Building, Vol. 18, No. 2, June 2018.
Neal, A., Griffin, M. A., & Hart, P. M. (2000). The Impact of Organizational Climate on Safety Climate and Individual Behavior. International Journal of Safety Science. 34, 99-109.
Nevhage, B., & Lindahl, H. (2008). A Conceptual Model, Methodology and Tool to Evaluate Safety Performance in an Organization. Departement of Design Sciences. Div. of Ergonomics Aerosol Technology. Faculty of Engineering Lund University.
Newman dan Hodgetts, 1998. "Human Resource Management. (HRM) Ekonometri. Lembaga Penerbit FE-UI, Jakarta
Parker, M., Dogru, O. C., Mese, G. (2022). Role of Supervisor Behavioural Integrity for Safety in the Relationship Between Top-Management Safety Climate, Safety Motivation, and Safety Performance. Safety and Health at Work. 13 (2022) 192-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.shaw.2022.03.006.
Pungki, S. P., Risna, W., Djumilah, H. (2022). The effect of safety knowledge and workplace safety climate on safety performance with safety behaviour as a mediator: A study on operations worker of Pindad. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCE. 11(3)(2022) 112-119.
Rafique, M., Ahmed, S., Ismail, M. (2021). Impact of Safety Climate on Safety Behaviour in Construction Projects: Mediating Mechanism and Interacting Effect. Journal of Construction in Developing Countries, 26(2), 163–181, 2021.
Robbins, S.P., Judge, T.A. (2014). Essential of Organizational Behavior. San Diego State University. University of Norte Dame.
Subramaniam, C., Johari, J., Mashi, M. S., Mohamad, R. (2023). The influence of safety leadership on nurses’ safety behaviour: The mediating role of safety knowledge and motivation. Journal of Safety Research. 84 (2023) 117-128. https:// doi.org/10.1016/ j.jsr.2022.10.013.
Solimun, Fernandes, A., Achmad, R., & Nurjannah. (2017). Metode Statistika Multivariat Pemodelan Persamaan Struktural (SEM). In UB Press (Vol. 2, Issue 7).
Sugiyono, (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: CV. Alfabeta
Ummu, K., Syamsiar, S. R., Masyitha, M., Yahya, T., Masni., Fridawati, R. R. M. (2021). The Effect of Safety Management Practices Through Safety Knowledge Towards Safety Performance on Workers of PT. Masmindo Dwi Area. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, October-December 2021, Vol. 15, No. 4.
Vatankhah, V. (2021). Dose safety motivation mediate the effect of psychological contract of safety on flight attendants’ safety performance outcomes? A social exchange perspective. Journal of Air Transport Management. 90. (2021) 101945.
Yahya, S. N.N. S., Idris, M. A., Noblet, A. J. (2022). The relationship between safety climate and safety performance: A review. Journal of Safety Research. 83 (2022) 105-118.
Yu, L. J. G., Li, Y., Li, F. (2010). Perceived colleagues’ safety knowledge/behaviour and safety performance: Safety climate as a moderator in a multilevel study. Accident Analysis and Prevention. 42 (2010) 1468–1476.
Zhang, J., Shen, Y., Rowlinson, S. (2022). Impact of Safety Climate on Construction Workers’ Safety Behaviour: Mediating Effect of Self-efficacy. Advances in Engineering Technolog. ICBDMS 20. ISSN:2790-1688. DOI: 10.56028/ aetr.1.1.19.
Zhao, X., Lynch, J. G., & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and Truths about Mediation Analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 37, 197 – 206
Zulkifly, S. S., Baharudin, M. R., Mahadi, M. R., Ismail, S. N. S., Hasan, N. H. (2021). The Effect Of Owner-Manager’s Safety Leadership And Supervisor’s Safety Role On Safety Performance In Malaysia’s Manufacturing SMEs. Journal of Technology and Operations Management: Vol. 16 Number 1 June 2021: 11-24.
